Centered on an artificial lake, Thekkady provides a sanctuary to a diverse set of animals and plant species. Dense forests and savanna grasslands spread out across a vast protected area and offer a safe habitat for herds of wild elephants, sambar, bison, deer, and tigers, viewable on hikes and boat and jeep safaris. The list of plants and spices cultivated here remains extensive, and trips to see tea, coffee, vanilla, cardamom, and pepper plantations highlight most holidays in Thekkady.